Astragalus and cancer

What is astragalus

Astragalus, also known as Astragalus membranaceus, is an herb that has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries [2, 8]. It is known for its adaptogenic (increases resistance to stress) properties, which help the body handle stress and strengthen the immune system. The root of the astragalus plant is typically used in the form of extracts, powder, or tea.

Mechanisms of action and potential

Astragalus is believed to have a variety of mechanisms of action that may be beneficial in connection with cancer treatment [5, 8].

Immunostimulating effect

Astragalus contains polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates) and saponins (natural plant substances) that can activate immune cells such as macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes [4, 8]. These cells play an important role in identifying and destroying cancer cells.

Antioxidant effect

Astragalus is rich in antioxidants that protect cells from damage caused by free radicals (unstable molecules). Free radicals can contribute to the development of cancer, and antioxidants can therefore have a preventive effect.

Anti-inflammatory effect

Chronic inflammation can promote cancer growth. Astragalus has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties that can inhibit the production of inflammatory substances in the body [5].

Apoptosis-inducing effect

Apoptosis is a process where cells are programmed to die. Astragalus can promote apoptosis in cancer cells, which can contribute to inhibiting tumor growth [5, 8].

Angiogenesis-inhibiting effect

Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels that cancer cells need to grow and spread. Astragalus can inhibit angiogenesis, which can limit tumor growth [8].

Clinical trials

A number of clinical trials have investigated the effect of astragalus in connection with cancer treatment.

Improved survival

Some studies have shown that astragalus can improve the survival rate in patients with various types of cancer, including lung cancer, liver cancer, and stomach cancer [6, 7]. One clinical trial investigated combination therapy for pancreatic cancer with positive results for long-term survival [7].

Reduced side effects

Astragalus can reduce side effects from chemotherapy and radiation therapy, such as fatigue, nausea, and loss of appetite [1, 8]. There are protocols for systematic reviews of the herb’s effect on cancer-related fatigue [1].

Improved quality of life

Astragalus can contribute to improving the quality of life for cancer patients by increasing energy levels, appetite, and general well-being [1, 8].

Note

It should be mentioned, however, that most clinical trials of astragalus have been small and have had methodological limitations. Further research is necessary to confirm these results and to determine the optimal dosage and use of astragalus in cancer treatment.

Safety

Astragalus is generally well-tolerated, but mild side effects such as diarrhea, stomach upset, and skin rash may occur [8].

Astragalus can interact with certain medications, including immunosuppressive (immune-suppressing) agents and blood-thinning medication. It is therefore important to consult a doctor before starting to use astragalus, especially if taking other medication or having an underlying health condition.

Advantages of astragalus

Immune system:

Astragalus can strengthen the immune system by increasing the activity of various immune cells, including NK cells, macrophages, and T-lymphocytes [4, 8]. This can improve the body’s ability to fight infections and diseases, including cancer.

Antioxidant effect:

Astragalus is rich in antioxidants that protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.

Anti-inflammatory effect:

Astragalus has been shown to inhibit the production of inflammatory substances in the body [5].

Inhibition of tumor growth:

Astragalus can inhibit the growth of tumors by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis [5, 8].

Reduction of side effects:

Astragalus can reduce side effects from chemotherapy and radiation therapy, such as fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, and hair loss [1, 8].

Improved quality of life:

Astragalus can increase energy levels and general well-being [1, 8].

Cardiovascular health:

Astragalus can improve cardiovascular health by lowering blood pressure and improving blood circulation [8].

Protection of liver and kidneys:

Astragalus can have a protective effect on the liver and kidneys, which is beneficial during cancer treatment [8].

Antiviral effect:

Astragalus has shown antiviral activity against certain viruses, including influenza and herpes virus [3].

Disadvantages and limitations

Limited research:

There is still a lack of large, high-quality randomized controlled trials to confirm the observed effects.

Side effects:

Although rare, mild side effects or allergic reactions may occur [8].

Medication interactions:

Astragalus can interact with immunosuppressive agents, blood-thinning medication, and diabetes medication [8].

Quality control:

The quality of products can vary significantly between manufacturers.

Individual variations:

The effect can vary depending on age, health condition, and genetics.

Not a replacement for conventional treatment:

Astragalus should only be used as a supplement.

Administration and use

Extracts

Astragalus extracts are available as

Liquid extract
Capsules.

Dosage varies depending on the product and the individual situation.

Powder

Astragalus powder can be mixed into smoothies, juice, or yogurt.

Tea

Astragalus tea can be brewed from dried astragalus root.

It is important to follow the dosage instructions on the product and to consult a doctor before starting to use astragalus.

Conclusion

Astragalus is a promising herb with the potential to support cancer treatment. It can strengthen the immune system, protect cells from damage, and reduce side effects from conventional treatment.

Further research is necessary to confirm these effects and to optimize use. It is important to consult a competent practitioner before starting to use astragalus, especially if taking other medication.

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