{"id":34495,"date":"2026-04-23T12:09:33","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T11:09:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/?p=34495"},"modified":"2026-05-05T19:16:43","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T18:16:43","slug":"betaine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/","title":{"rendered":"Betain and cancer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull is-style-section-5 has-contrast-color has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-808d21e0bd59c4ffd790e4dcc15df479 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained is-style-section-5--2\" id=\"menu\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-ca2dd60b wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a867a5e69af727a1b962d2b1d75fb9e7\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dietary_Supplements_Grouped_by_Effect\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/kosttilskud-grupperet\/\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/kosttilskud-grupperet\/\">Dietary Supplements Grouped by Effect<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dietary_Supplements_Alphabetical\"><\/span><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-her-st-r-du-color\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/supplements-alphabetically\/\">Dietary Supplements Alphabetical<\/a><\/mark><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a08976c76d88b659fa685ab1a000e006\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/acai-berries-and-cancer\/\">A,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/baicalin\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-hvid-tekst-color\">B<\/mark>,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/cats-claw-tomentosa\/\">C,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/danshen\/\">D,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/echinacea\/\">E+F,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/garcinia-cambogia\/\">G,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/hemp-seeds\/\">H,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/indol-3-carbinol\/\">I+J+K,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/lions-mane\/\">L,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/maitake\/\">M,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/n-acetyl-cysteine\/\">N,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/omega-3\/\">O,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/peppermint\/pebermynte\/\">P<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-interne-links-color\">,<\/mark><\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/quercetin\/\">Q,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/reishi\/\">R,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/selenium\/\">S,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/thc-cannabis\/\">T,<\/a><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color\">.<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/vitamin-b\/\">U+V+Z<\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3c48e2bdc5db7cc35e81d96612be2485\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12b488bc76fee50d91e458b757bac13f\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-her-st-r-du-color\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/baicalin\/\">Baicalin<\/a><\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2b19627a4c5deb0bfdc6c23cdfc11fef\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/berberine\/\">Berberine<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f8fe6535d2f90221e7d50901db5a887f\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/bergamot\/\">Bergamot<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59179ef12bb7c20c9e66ee945b1cb811\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/beta-carotene\/\">Beta Carotene<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-her-st-r-du-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f5a7d18477ee495c4d5ce7d20a36313a\"><a href=\"#betain\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-her-st-r-du-color\">Betaine (scroll down)<\/mark><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d697ee9131896cbdb2c26156fee77b25\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/beta-glucan\/\">Beta glucan<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-049464b3a7b276d5a4a9ac34fa6722d0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/bifido\/\">Bifido<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5cd94530c999b671e55c483a8a838e70\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/nigella-sativa\/\">Black cumin (Nigella)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f4f9d72b9cf57b9a0adc985cb4ad0041\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/black-walnut\/\">Black Walnut<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-578d4600497ca31c01b2bddca491390b\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/blushwood-berry\/\">Blushwood berry<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31ab7ea5e2e49c8cc59097d3ddf91af5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/boron\/\">Boron<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8d263a9d273cdaa95dac226dd3f80208\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/boswellia\/\">Boswellia\/ Frankincense<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54c8ffe3259b9bc8647186fd078c00d5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/bromelain\/\">Bromelain<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-03f972c1ba5afac4d8ffb0c8711c4dc9\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/burdock-root\/\">Burdock root<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6952fb6c32cad962534459841ac051ef\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/butyric-acid\/\">Butyrate\/ butyric acid<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87961980bbd4741a09273fbe14a2592f\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/barley-grass\/\">Barley grass<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-custom-interne-links-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a141aae0da29d0267d89e3bd69e2a683 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bbetain.jpg\" alt=\"Betain illustreret ved gr\u00f8nt pilleglas fra Swanson med p\u00e5skriften Betaine HCl, Hydrochloric Acid, Digestive Health.\" class=\"wp-image-34494\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover;width:550px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bbetain.jpg 650w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bbetain-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bbetain-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bbetain-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bbetain-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull is-style-default has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b040ace0 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained has-background\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);background-image:url(&apos;http:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bbetain.jpg&apos;);background-position:44% 36%;background-size:cover;\">\n<div class=\"gb-element-906497af\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"betain\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Betaine_and_cancer\"><\/span>Betaine and cancer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is betaine<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See also the nerdy section on <a href=\"#betain-noerdet\">Betaine and epigenetics<\/a> in its own section below (scroll to). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine, also known as trimethylglycine, is a naturally occurring compound found in many foods such as beets, spinach, and wheat germ [4]. It is a quaternary ammonium compound, which means it has a positive electrical charge. Betaine has become a popular dietary supplement due to its health benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Effect_of_betaine\"><\/span>Effect of betaine<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine has several important functions in the body, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Methyl donor<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine is an important methyl donor, meaning it donates methyl groups to various biochemical reactions in the body. Methyl groups are necessary for a range of processes, including DNA synthesis, repair, and gene expression [1, 5].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Osmolyte<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine acts as an osmolyte, which means it helps regulate cellular water content. This is important for protecting cells from stress and damage [3].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Homocysteine reduction<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine can help lower homocysteine levels in the blood. High homocysteine levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Health_benefits_of_betaine\"><\/span>Health benefits of betaine<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine can be a useful supplement for individuals with high homocysteine levels, liver problems, or those wishing to improve their cardiovascular health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Homocysteine<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Homocysteine is an amino acid that can accumulate in the body if there is a deficiency of certain B-vitamins. High levels of homocysteine have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, blood clots, and other health problems. Betaine can help lower homocysteine levels in the blood by donating methyl groups necessary to convert homocysteine into another substance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cardiovascular health<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine can help lower blood pressure, reduce homocysteine levels, and improve the cholesterol profile. This can contribute to reducing the risk of heart attack and stroke.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Liver function<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine can protect the liver from damage caused by alcohol, toxins, and certain medications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Athletic performance<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Some studies suggest that betaine can improve athletic performance by increasing muscle power and endurance [1].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Digestion<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine can help improve digestion by increasing the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Betaine_and_liver_protection\"><\/span>Betaine and liver protection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although an exhaustive list of the specific drugs betaine can protect against is not available, some of the mechanisms that allow betaine to function protectively for the liver are known:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Antioxidant properties:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine has antioxidant properties, meaning it can neutralize free radicals that can damage liver cells. Many drugs can cause oxidative stress in the liver, and betaine can potentially counteract this damage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Osmolytic effect:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine can act as an osmolyte, helping to regulate cellular water content. This can be protective for liver cells exposed to toxic substances or medications [3].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Methyl donor:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>As mentioned earlier, betaine is an important methyl donor. Methyl groups are necessary for various biochemical processes in the liver, and a deficiency can contribute to liver damage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Betaine_and_cancer-2\"><\/span>Betaine and cancer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There is promising potential for betaine in connection with cancer treatment, but it is important to emphasize that conclusive research is still lacking. Let&#8217;s dive deeper into the mechanisms that make betaine interesting in this context:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Inactivation of carcinogens:<\/strong> Betaine can help neutralize certain substances that may contribute to the development of cancer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Inhibition of cancer cell division:<\/strong> Betaine can slow the growth of cancer cells [2, 4].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Increased cell death in cancer cells:<\/strong> Betaine can induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in cancer cells [2].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Oxidative stress:<\/strong> Cancer cells are often subject to high oxidative stress. Betaine, as an antioxidant, can potentially protect normal cells from this damage while increasing oxidative stress in cancer cells, leading to their death.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Epigenetic changes:<\/strong> Betaine is involved in methylation processes, which are crucial for gene regulation. By influencing these processes, betaine can potentially counteract the epigenetic changes associated with cancer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Immune system:<\/strong> Some studies suggest that betaine can strengthen the immune system, helping the body fight cancer cells more effectively.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Angiogenesis:<\/strong> Betaine can inhibit the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), which cancer cells need to grow and spread.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">This is described more in-depth in the next section: <a href=\"#betain-noerdet\">Epigenetics &#8211; Nerdy<\/a> (scroll to).<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Advantages_of_betaine_in_cancer\"><\/span>Advantages of betaine in cancer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While betaine should not be considered a replacement for conventional cancer treatment, it can potentially offer supplementary benefits. It may help:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Reduce side effects:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine can help reduce some of the side effects associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Improve quality of life:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>By reducing fatigue and increasing energy levels, betaine can improve the quality of life for cancer patients.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Prolong survival:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Although there is no definitive evidence, some studies suggest that betaine may prolong survival in certain cancer patients.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Synergy:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Betaine is not the only substance being investigated for its potential anti-cancer effects. Other nutrients, such as vitamin D, selenium, and omega-3 fatty acids, have also shown promising results. These substances often work synergistically, meaning they can enhance each other&#8217;s effects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Side_effects_%E2%80%93_disadvantages\"><\/span>Side effects &#8211; disadvantages<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Complexity of cancer<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cancer is a complex disease with many different types and stages. What works for one type of cancer may not work for another.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Potential side effects<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Although betaine is generally considered safe in recommended doses, it can interact with other medications or have undesirable effects in some patients. Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea, nausea, and bloating.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kidney disease &#8211; caution<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Individuals with certain medical conditions, such as kidney disease, should consult their practitioner before taking betaine supplements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Note\"><\/span>Note<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Talk to your practitioner<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If you are considering taking betaine or other supplements during or after cancer treatment, it is crucial to talk to your practitioner. They can provide personalized advice and help you weigh the benefits and risks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Choose quality<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If you decide to try betaine, make sure to purchase a high-quality product from a reliable manufacturer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine has great potential as a supplement to conventional cancer treatment. By influencing epigenetic changes, strengthening the immune system, and inhibiting angiogenesis, betaine can contribute to the fight against cancer. However, it is important to emphasize that more research is still needed to fully understand the mechanisms through which betaine works and to establish its clinical utility. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As with other dietary supplements, it cannot stand alone as a treatment for cancer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Back to <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/supplements-alphabetically\/\">Supplements<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-menu-links-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0b01013667400f93702849346fc24830 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#menu\">(to menu)<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/supplements-alphabetically\/\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/supplements-alphabetically\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Links<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/andrographolide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c75203a5a1f97c9624f0527e6b760ee8 wp-block-paragraph\">[1] <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11446699\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Betaine delays age\u2010related muscle loss by mitigating Mss51\u2010induced impairment in mitochondrial respiration via Yin Yang1<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/andrographolide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a>(PubMed, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A study investigating how betaine affects mitochondrial function and muscle preservation.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/andrographolide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48abe36598d9833ad0725d2f4c7e5da0 wp-block-paragraph\">[2] <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11476985\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Betaine Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Invasion in OSCC Cell Lines<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/andrographolide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a>(PubMed, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: An in vitro study showing that betaine can trigger programmed cell death and limit the spread of oral cancer cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50b95b6fdea8219e69fbec599993ce24 wp-block-paragraph\">[3] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39086782\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Significantly Positive Impact of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Combined With Osmoprotectant (Osmolytes) in Cancer Treatment<\/a> (PubMed, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A review article discussing the synergy between NSAIDs and osmolytes like betaine in cancer therapy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bb599b4e4aa69f4d73750c5a6be7589d wp-block-paragraph\">[4] <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5069558\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Choline and betaine consumption lowers cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/andrographolide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a>(PubMed, 2016)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A meta-analysis showing a correlation between betaine intake and a reduced risk of developing cancer.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/andrographolide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-274376bc05b08c09c33e14f60adfb1aa wp-block-paragraph\">[5] <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5976740\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Betaine in Inflammation: Mechanistic Aspects and Applications<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/andrographolide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a>(PubMed, 2018)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A review article detailing the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of betaine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-980579694d1f2a9ef1f9b63c220b883f wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Page created:<\/strong> Nov. 11, 2024. Latest revision: April 23, 2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-menu-links-color\">\u2764<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>What you read on I Have Cancer is not a recommendation. Seek competent guidance.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull is-style-default has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b040ace0 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained has-background\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);background-image:url(&apos;https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bbetain.jpg&apos;);background-position:44% 36%;background-size:cover;\">\n<div class=\"gb-element-00ad2de3\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"betain-noerdet\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Betaine_and_cancer-3\"><\/span>Betaine and cancer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Epigenetic_%E2%80%93_in-depth\"><\/span>Epigenetic &#8211; in-depth<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Epigenetic changes and betaine<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Epigenetics is about how genes are expressed without changing the DNA sequence itself. Betaine plays an important role in these processes, primarily through its function as a methyl donor [1, 2, 5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">DNA methylation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine can donate methyl groups to DNA, which can affect gene expression (the process where information in a gene is converted into a functional product, most often a protein). Hypermethylation (excessive attachment of methyl groups) of certain genes can lead to their inactivation, which may contribute to the development of cancer. Betaine can potentially counteract this hypermethylation and reactivate tumor suppressor genes (genes that counteract the formation of cancer) [5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Histone methylation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Histones are proteins that DNA is wrapped around [1]. Methylation of histones can also affect gene expression. Betaine can influence these methylation patterns and thereby regulate gene activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mechanism<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine donates methyl groups to DNA and histones (special proteins that play a crucial role in our cells) via various enzymatic reactions. By influencing these reactions, betaine can modulate gene expression and thus affect cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis (programmed cell death) [1, 5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_immune_system_and_betaine\"><\/span>The immune system and betaine<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The immune system plays a crucial role in fighting cancer. Betaine can potentially strengthen the immune system in several ways [1, 4]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T-cell activation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine can stimulate the activation and proliferation (rapid reproduction) of T-cells, which are important for killing cancer cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Natural killer cells (NK cells)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine can increase the activity of NK cells, which are a type of immune cell capable of killing cancer cells without prior sensitization (prior recognition) [1].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cytokine release<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine can stimulate the production of cytokines, which are signaling molecules that coordinate the immune response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mechanism<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The precise mechanism through which betaine strengthens the immune system is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve both direct and indirect effects on immune cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Angiogenesis_and_betaine\"><\/span>Angiogenesis and betaine<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Angiogenesis is the process where new blood vessels are formed. Cancer cells need a constant supply of nutrients and oxygen to grow, and they therefore stimulate the formation of new blood vessels. Betaine can inhibit angiogenesis in several ways [1]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Growth factors<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine can inhibit the production of growth factors, such as VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), which is essential for the formation of new blood vessels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Enzyme inhibition<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine can inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix (a network of molecules that provides structure to cells), which is necessary for new blood vessels to grow into the tumor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mechanism<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine can influence various signaling pathways that regulate angiogenesis. By inhibiting these pathways, betaine can limit the growth of cancer tumors [1].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion-2\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Betaine, a naturally occurring substance, has shown promising potential within cancer research. By influencing cellular processes on multiple levels, betaine offers an exciting approach to cancer treatment. Through its ability to modulate epigenetic patterns, strengthen the immune system, and inhibit angiogenesis, betaine can potentially both prevent and treat cancer. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Epigenetic changes are central to the development of many types of cancer. Betaine can help reverse these changes, which can lead to the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes and thus inhibit cell growth. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The immune system plays a crucial role in fighting cancer cells, and betaine can strengthen this defense mechanism by activating immune cells and promoting the production of cytokines. Finally, by inhibiting angiogenesis, betaine can limit the supply of nutrients and oxygen to cancer tumors, which can slow their growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Back to <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/supplements-alphabetically\/\">Supplements<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-menu-links-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9190cfe395c28e4d2ec89873338ddaa5 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#menu\">(to menu)<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/supplements-alphabetically\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Links<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-204c52a42db6ee1f41b7e4a5758338d4 wp-block-paragraph\">[1] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2025\/ra\/d5ra00755k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Therapeutic potential of betaine and its derivatives in cancer treatment: a comprehensive review<\/a> (RSC Advances, 2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A comprehensive review from 2025 detailing the anticancer properties of betaine, focusing on its ability to inhibit tumor progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis through various molecular mechanisms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80a7230dd115af5da4c889874d797a84 wp-block-paragraph\">[2] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/21\/10751\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exogenous Glycine Betaine Decreases Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma HT-29 Cells<\/a> (MDPI, 2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A study from 2025 investigating the effects of betaine on colorectal cancer cells, showing that it can significantly increase apoptosis and reduce cell growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8c2aa4c5d41c255f700468703c390745 wp-block-paragraph\">[3] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39408625\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Betaine Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Invasion in OSCC Cell Lines<\/a> (PubMed, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A study from 2024 exploring the potential of betaine as an adjunct treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma, demonstrating its ability to trigger cell death and mitigate cancer cell invasion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f8e20dad0c35628755e5834a1b1c34b3 wp-block-paragraph\">[4] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/nutrition\/articles\/10.3389\/fnut.2025.1762908\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exercise-mimicking effects of betaine in chronic disease prevention and management<\/a> (Frontiers in Nutrition, 2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A review article from 2026 discussing betaine as an &#8220;exercise mimetic&#8221; that can activate complex molecular mechanisms to prevent and treat chronic diseases, including cancer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d7d2d21662b4df9aadaa04f1d7129c5e wp-block-paragraph\">[5] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32096676\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Betaine restores epigenetic control and supports neuronal mitochondria in the cuprizone mouse model of multiple sclerosis<\/a> (ResearchGate, 2020)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Content: A study discussing how betaine acts as a methyl donor to restore epigenetic control and repair methylation patterns, which is relevant for both neuroprotection and tumor suppression.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Page created:<\/strong> Nov. 11, 2024. Latest revision: April 23, 2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-menu-links-color\">\u2764<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>What you read on I Have Cancer is not a recommendation. Seek competent guidance.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Indhold<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Dietary_Supplements_Grouped_by_Effect\" >Dietary Supplements Grouped by Effect<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Dietary_Supplements_Alphabetical\" >Dietary Supplements Alphabetical<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Betaine_and_cancer\" >Betaine and cancer<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Effect_of_betaine\" >Effect of betaine<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Health_benefits_of_betaine\" >Health benefits of betaine<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Betaine_and_liver_protection\" >Betaine and liver protection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Betaine_and_cancer-2\" >Betaine and cancer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Advantages_of_betaine_in_cancer\" >Advantages of betaine in cancer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Side_effects_%E2%80%93_disadvantages\" >Side effects &#8211; disadvantages<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Note\" >Note<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Betaine_and_cancer-3\" >Betaine and cancer<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Epigenetic_%E2%80%93_in-depth\" >Epigenetic &#8211; in-depth<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#The_immune_system_and_betaine\" >The immune system and betaine<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Angiogenesis_and_betaine\" >Angiogenesis and betaine<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/betaine\/#Conclusion-2\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dietary Supplements Grouped by Effect Dietary Supplements Alphabetical A,. B,. C,. D,. E+F,. G,. H,. I+J+K,. L,. M,. N,. O,. P,. Q,. R,. S,. T,. U+V+Z Betaine and cancer What is betaine See also the nerdy section on Betaine and epigenetics in its own section below (scroll to). Betaine, also known as trimethylglycine, is a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34494,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[389,375,374],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-supplements","category-alternative-treatments","category-treatments"],"modified_by":"Hanne Kj\u00e6r Uhlig","wpml_current_locale":"en_US","wpml_translations":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34495"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36434,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34495\/revisions\/36434"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}