{"id":33136,"date":"2025-03-21T19:25:39","date_gmt":"2025-03-21T18:25:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/?p=33136"},"modified":"2026-04-11T18:55:18","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T17:55:18","slug":"melatonin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/","title":{"rendered":"Melatonin and cancer. Melatonin as a repurposed drug or as a supplement. Melatonin dose cancer. Melatonin heart failure. Melatonin side effects. Melatonin survival."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull is-style-section-5 has-contrast-color has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-f042765a9bfababd23f1bc46819fd417 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained is-style-section-5--2\" id=\"menu\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-ca2dd60b wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85c9ab605a9af581478ba1bfba8fd611\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Treatments\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/cancer-treatments-overview\/\">Treatments<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52532d4beacf4a32227a79286a8276fc\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Complementary_and_Alternative_Treatments\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/alternative-cancer-treatments-overview\/\">Complementary and Alternative Treatments<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-custom-interne-links-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b62391f8289106a8e0af69116ff98796 has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bb35aab538e47c148d8936d47ab2a8ed\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/akupunktur\/\">Physical treatments<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-151a2c6012936764f06fc870119a3000\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/repurposed-drugs\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-hvid-tekst-color\">Repurposed Drugs &#8211; General<\/mark><\/a>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-780fac237d6d09f0087842050420bfba\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/aspirin\/\">Painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fad7d0169f73487a5cb08247fb6344df\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/dipyridamole\/\">Heart and circulatory medications<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-110ab3157ece675d1aeb7921af0e506a\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/doxycycline\/\">Antibiotics and antiparasitic agents<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a99575c8ffb4e827783ab6d56f16ed45\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/metformin\/\">Diabetes medication<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7ea979443b2fbd58bf413e01279d7a22\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/low-dose-naltrexone\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-hvid-tekst-color\">Agents affecting hormones and signaling substances<\/mark><\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5f535e990c9a7d74fb59004830e3169f\"><a href=\"#low-dose-naltrexone\">LDN (Low Dose Naltrexone)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-her-st-r-du-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4e762b35946eec029d4284735ca3dc09\"><a href=\"#melatonin\">Melatonin (scroll down)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-dd7ca0bc23a9ec3ca6e860ef8de7693a\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/disulfiram\/\">Other medications<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66a0e4204f5201bcc8494f5822b38efe\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/the-coc-protocol\/\">COC Protocol<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9504e56e950d068c15963cbdbf1fdaaf\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/no-medicine-plan-b\/\">No medication \u2013 Plan B<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50bb8d7b4bb216418ba3c0d4a402648c\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/repurposed-drugs-and-chemotherapy\/\">Repurposed drugs and chemotherapy<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-af88e7f595afd58f141d2c174a141555\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/repurposed-drugs-and-radiotherapy\/\">Repurposed drugs and radiation therapy<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7098df34ebce445cd1790d85e10991eb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/flcccs-ranking\/\">FLCCC\u2019s ranking of repurposed drugs<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4c827eb85783b3d07583409effc04d57\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/brain-metastases-and-bloodbrain-barrier\/\">Brain metastases and the blood-brain barrier<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-int-link-p-sort-1-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cf6cfac91ed1b7d193bc5d25a711b818\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/bombs-fire-extinguishers-and-timing\/\">Bombs, fire extinguishers, and timing<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bmelatonin.jpg\" alt=\"Melatonin i gr\u00f8nt pilleglas fra Swanson med teksten Triple Strength Melatonin, Sleep Support, 10 mg.\" class=\"wp-image-33127\" style=\"aspect-ratio:3\/2;object-fit:cover;width:550px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull is-style-default has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b040ace0 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained has-background\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);background-image:url(&apos;http:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/bmelatonin.jpg&apos;);background-position:44% 36%;background-size:cover;\">\n<div class=\"gb-element-906497af\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"melatonin\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Melatonin_and_cancer\"><\/span>Melatonin and cancer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-custom-sort-tekst-background-color has-background\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary of melatonin and cancer<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Melatonin&#8217;s anticancer potential:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melatonin is widely investigated for its ability in high doses (typically 60\u2013200 mg daily) to inhibit cancer cell growth and strengthen the body&#8217;s immune system. It is a significant area for &#8220;repurposed drugs.&#8221; Furthermore, studies indicate a connection with improved survival [11] and fewer side effects when taken alongside conventional treatment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Important safety nuance:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Although melatonin is generally considered safe, recent statistics from patient records have suggested a statistical correlation between long-term use (one year or more) and an increased risk of heart failure. However, it must be emphasized that this finding is preliminary and stands in complete contrast to previous research [1], which conversely points toward a protective effect.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Recommendation:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cancer patients using high doses of melatonin should discuss its use with their practitioner to ensure an assessment of benefits versus potential cardiac risk, especially since many conventional treatments (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, etc.) can also affect the heart.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-custom-sort-tekst-background-color has-background\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_melatonin\"><\/span>What is melatonin<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin3.jpg\" alt=\"Melatonin symboliseret ved molekyler som sm\u00e5 farvede kugler i bl\u00e5, r\u00f8d og lysbl\u00e5. Hvid baggrund\" class=\"wp-image-24676\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:150px;height:150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin3.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin3-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin3-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin3-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin3-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin3-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Melatonin is a hormone produced naturally in the body, primarily by the pineal gland. It is essential for the regulation of the body&#8217;s circadian rhythm (sleep-wake cycle). Melatonin is also a substance undergoing intensive investigation as a potential <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/repurposed-drugs\/\">repurposed drug<\/a> for the treatment of cancer [23]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Several studies have shown a link between low melatonin levels and an increased risk of cancer [12]. Statistical studies have, for example, found that men with prostate cancer and patients with breast cancer have had lower melatonin levels than healthy individuals [13, 23].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Effect_against_cancer\"><\/span>Effect against cancer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin4.jpg\" alt=\"Melatonin symboliseret ved en gr\u00f8n, r\u00f8d og gul celle der bombarderes af bl\u00e5 enheder. Sort baggrund.\" class=\"wp-image-24675\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:150px;height:150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin4.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin4-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin4-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin4-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin4-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin4-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although melatonin is primarily known for regulating sleep patterns, in high doses it has been shown to have a range of anti-cancer effects that work through complex cellular signaling pathways in cancer cells:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Selvom melatonin prim\u00e6rt er kendt for at regulere s\u00f8vnm\u00f8nstre, har det i h\u00f8je doser vist sig at have en r\u00e6kke anti-kr\u00e6fteffekter, der virker via komplekse cellul\u00e6re signalveje (pathways) i kr\u00e6ftcellerne:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Inhibition of tumor growth and spread:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melatonin can slow the growth of cancer cells by interfering with their ability to divide and multiply [6, 25, 27]. It can inhibit cell division and promote cell death by affecting the cells&#8217; energy production. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Research suggests that melatonin can reduce abnormal energy metabolism (<a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/cancer-as-a-metabolic-disease-warburg-effect-dr-thomas-seyfried-metabolism-warburg-mtor\/\">the Warburg effect<\/a>) in cancer cells by restoring mitochondrial function [2, 29].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Induction of cell death:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melatonin can induce cell death in cancer cells through a process called apoptosis (programmed cell death) [6]. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In aggressive cancers such as castration-resistant prostate cancer, a targeted form of melatonin has also been investigated to induce a more potent form of cell death called pyroptosis [4, 21].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interaction with hormones and increased sensitivity:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melatonin can interact with hormones and the receptors involved in the development of certain cancers, primarily to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and increase their sensitivity to treatment. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This occurs, among other ways, by modulating estrogen receptor expression in breast cancer cells, which inhibits growth [26]. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has also been shown to improve the effect of drugs like flutamide in the treatment of prostate cancer by increasing the sensitivity of the cancer cells [3].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Strengthening the immune system:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melatonin can affect the immune system in several ways, which can strengthen the body&#8217;s own ability to fight cancer cells [10, 30]. Melatonin can help the immune system recognize and kill cancer cells by blocking the proteins cancer cells use to prevent their own cell death [6].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Antioxidant effect:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melatonin is a potent antioxidant that can protect cells against damage caused by free radicals. Since cancer cells produce large amounts of free radicals, melatonin can therefore help slow their growth [12].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Improving <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/soevn\/\">sleep<\/a>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melatonin plays an important role in regulating sleep patterns. Low melatonin levels can lead to insomnia and other sleep disorders, which can exacerbate cancer patients&#8217; fatigue and decrease their immune system and quality of life.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common features for cancer types<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based on these anti-cancer effects, melatonin has been investigated as a potential treatment for a variety of different cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma [24, 28]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is reasonable to assume that when melatonin acts as a cancer inhibitor on several types of cancer, it is predominantly likely to do so on many, as the fundamental cellular pathways are often the same [10, 29].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dosage_and_application\"><\/span>Dosage and application<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Import-af-medicin5.jpg\" alt=\"Import af medicin symboliseret ved et hvidt pilleglas med hvide piller h\u00e6ldt ud. Gul baggrund.\" class=\"wp-image-24612\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:150px;height:150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Import-af-medicin5.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Import-af-medicin5-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Import-af-medicin5-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Import-af-medicin5-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Import-af-medicin5-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For the purpose of achieving anticancer effects, doses of 60\u2013200 mg daily are common, which is far above the dose used as a sleep aid [7, 16].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sleep medication (low dose):<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When taking melatonin as a sleep aid, the dose is typically 1\u20133 mg. Long-term use is discouraged here, as the body may reduce its own production of the hormone through adaptation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Repurposed drug (high dose):<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When taking melatonin against cancer, the goal is to maintain high-dose levels for the rest of one&#8217;s life. In this context, it is absolutely advisable to involve one&#8217;s practitioner.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Intake:<\/strong> Some take the full dose at night. Others divide it, taking 2\/3 at night and 1\/3 if\/when they wake up during the night to ensure stable sleep. Others distribute it evenly throughout the day. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fatigue:<\/strong> One rarely becomes excessively tired in the morning, as melatonin is quickly broken down when the body is exposed to daylight. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When moving into doses of 90 mg, we are speaking far beyond the physiological substitution dose, and the purpose often shifts from sleep regulation to antioxidative or oncological support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Considerations_for_the_two_strategies\"><\/span>Considerations for the two strategies<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Single dose (the peak strategy)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The argument for taking all 90 mg at once primarily rests on overcoming low absorption in the body (often as low as 3\u201333%) and preventing the liver from breaking everything down immediately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Liver saturation (enzyme saturation):<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>By taking one very high dose at once, one can &#8220;overfill&#8221; the enzymes in the liver that normally break down melatonin. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This means a significantly larger portion of the melatonin reaches the body than if the dose were divided into smaller pieces, creating the powerful &#8220;peak&#8221; that many researchers believe is crucial for the cancer-inhibiting effect [33].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tissue distribution:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Melatonin is both water- and fat-soluble. A high peak may be necessary to push the substance through the blood-brain barrier or into specific cellular compartments in sufficient concentration [33].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Divided dose (the exposure strategy)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since the half-life <em>t\u00bd<\/em> is approximately 30\u201350 minutes, the concentration of melatonin will have dropped drastically after just 3 hours with a single dose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Steady-state-like condition:<\/strong> By dividing the dose (e.g., at bedtime and 3 hours later), a therapeutic window is maintained over a larger part of the night. This more closely mimics a &#8220;prolonged release&#8221; profile.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antioxidative coverage:<\/strong> If the goal is to fight oxidative stress throughout the night, the divided dose is theoretically superior as it avoids deep troughs in the concentration curve.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comparison of strategies<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Parameter<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Single dose (90 mg)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Divided dose (45 + 45 mg)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Cmax(Peak)<\/strong><\/td><td>Very high<\/td><td>Moderate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>AUC (Exposure over time)<\/strong><\/td><td>High, but short-lived<\/td><td>More even over 6\u20138 hours<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Bioavailability<\/strong><\/td><td>Optimized due to enzyme saturation<\/td><td>Risk of higher clearance per dose<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Practical application<\/strong><\/td><td>Easiest, undisturbed sleep<\/td><td>Requires waking up or depot formulation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Experience from clinical trials (e.g., non-randomized Phase I or Phase II studies in oncology) often shows that the entire dose is given 30\u201360 minutes before bedtime to ensure compliance and utilize the peak effect. In Denmark, melatonin is a prescription drug and is classified as a medicine regardless of its formulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Experience from clinical trials<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In clinical trials with high-dose melatonin (e.g., phase 1 or phase 2 studies in oncology), the entire dose is often given 30-60 minutes before bedtime to ensure compliance and utilize the peak effect, as the short half-life makes it difficult to maintain levels without an intravenous infusion. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The active substance melatonin is a prescription drug in Denmark and is classified as a medicine, regardless of the formulation in which it is sold. In many other countries, it can be purchased as a dietary supplement. See also Import of medicine from abroad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See also <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/import-af-medicin-fra-udlandet\/\">Import of medicine to Denmark from other countries<\/a> (Danish law)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Melatonin_and_conventional_treatment\"><\/span>Melatonin and conventional treatment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin6.jpg\" alt=\"Melatonin symboliseret ved et laboratorie med et pilleglas. Foran dette et turkis skjold af lys og en r\u00f8d celle ved siden af denne. R\u00f8d str\u00e5le tilbagekastes fra skjoldet.\" class=\"wp-image-24673\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:150px;height:150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin6.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin6-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin6-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin6-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin6-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin6-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Melatonin can help reduce some side effects of and increase the effectiveness of conventional cancer treatment [12].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Improved effect and survival:<\/strong> Melatonin can function as a radio-sensitizer, meaning it can increase cancer cells&#8217; sensitivity to radiation therapy [8] while protecting normal cells [15]. <br>Several studies have shown that melatonin can improve survival in patients with solid tumors [11, 19, 22].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Reduction of side effects:<\/strong> Melatonin can protect normal cells against side effects from chemotherapy (e.g., non-randomized data on cisplatin-induced liver toxicity [13]) and can generally reduce a broad spectrum of side effects [12, 18, 22]. It has been shown to reduce acute skin reactions (dermatitis) after radiation for breast cancer in a randomized trial [9].<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reduction of fatigue:<\/strong> Melatonin has also been investigated for its ability to reduce cancer-related <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/traethed-minimer\/\">fatigue<\/a> during chemotherapy [11].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Melatonin_vs_Circadin\"><\/span>Melatonin vs. Circadin<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin7.jpg\" alt=\"Melatonin symboliseret ved symboler for melatonin og lysbl\u00e5 skyer op fra piller p\u00e5 et bord.\" class=\"wp-image-24672\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:150px;height:150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin7.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin7-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin7-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin7-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin7-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin7-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Occasionally, there is uncertainty as to whether Circadin can be used in connection with a cancer approach\u2014and whether it is the same as Melatonin. Melatonin and Circadin are not quite the same, even though they both contain the active substance melatonin. Their primary difference lies in the technical design that controls the release rate in the body:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Melatonin (immediate release):<\/strong> This formulation is found in various forms and is released quickly in the body. It is this form that is used most often in high doses (60\u2013200 mg) as a repurposed drug.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Circadin (depot formulation):<\/strong> This is a registered and approved medicinal product containing 2 mg of melatonin. It is released slowly over time. This is a very low dose, which is far from the dose of 60\u2013200 mg relevant as a repurposed drug for cancer patients [12].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cardiovascular_safety\"><\/span>Cardiovascular safety<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin8.jpg\" alt=\"Melatonin symboliseret ved nogle fingre der peget p\u00e5 et lys-hjerte. En r\u00f8d graf og en sk\u00e6rm i baggrunden.\" class=\"wp-image-24671\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:150px;height:150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin8.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin8-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin8-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin8-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin8-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin8-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While melatonin&#8217;s cardio-protective effects have been well-documented for years [1, 5], questions have recently been raised regarding long-term use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The protective findings<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In many studies, melatonin has been shown to have a beneficial effect on the heart by acting as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent and by preventing hypertrophy (enlargement of the heart muscle) [1, 5]. Basic research (laboratory and cell experiments) thus suggests that melatonin should protect the heart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The new observational data<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A report from the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2025 [14] reviewed data for adults with chronic insomnia where melatonin was used as a sleep aid (1\u20133 mg). They found a statistical correlation between long-term use (one year or more) of melatonin supplements and an increased risk of heart failure and mortality [14].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Important nuance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is an observational finding, which does not prove a cause-and-effect relationship (causality) [14]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The researchers themselves emphasize that the study has significant limitations and that the statistical correlation may be due to participants having underlying sleep problems, depression, or other disorders. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These are factors that are all\u2014also individually\u2014known to increase heart risk. One could then consider whether the increased mortality is solely due to the sleep problems and has nothing to do with the melatonin&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Regardless, this contradiction in research emphasizes that those who use melatonin in high doses for a long time should have regular check-ups of their heart, as the new uncertainty should not be trivialized, even though the study only indicates a correlation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin2.jpg\" alt=\"Melatonin symboliseret ved et laboratorie et hjerte, nogle piller og bl\u00e5t sk\u00e6r over billedet.\" class=\"wp-image-24677\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:150px;height:150px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin2.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin2-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin2-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Melatonin2-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Melatonin has shown significant potential as a promising adjuvant treatment for cancer, supported by its ability to affect central cellular pathways, improve the effect of conventional treatment, and increase quality of life. Despite its good safety profile, the latest observational research raises a question about a potential cardiovascular risk with long-term use [14]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whether there is a real correlation, I do not dare deny. But I personally use melatonin (along with other repurposed drugs\u2014prescribed by a doctor) as a means against cancer. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One should therefore speak with their practitioner before considering the use of melatonin as part of their cancer treatment, so that the documented benefits in cancer treatment can be weighed against the potential, but still unconfirmed, long-term effect on heart health\u2014which must, however, be held up against countless previous results that have shown that melatonin&#8217;s anti-inflammatory effect was protective for the heart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Important<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6d3f8cf7fa8d637e6b415a013463ab21 wp-block-paragraph\">Furthermore, be aware that certain medications can interact. You can check for interactions in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.interaktionsdatabasen.dk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Interaction Database<\/a> [20].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See also <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/soevn\/\">Sleep<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See also <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/repurposed-drugs\/\">Repurposed Drugs<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">See also <a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/no-medicine-plan-b-2\/\">No medicine &#8211; Plan B<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/repurposed-drugs\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-menu-links-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ef7d07e4a2f3fd4865240f3b1020f6b6 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#menu\">(to menu)<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/repurposed-drugs\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Links<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a03704e15262fc87b52604e3e67fb157 wp-block-paragraph\">[1] <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9251346\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evidence for the Benefits of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Disease<\/a> (PubMed, 2022) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A review article arguing for melatonin&#8217;s cardio-protective effect. This is a non-randomized systematic review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-dd2193353e00cd1899d5403d239d885a wp-block-paragraph\">[2] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40122433\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Function of intramitochondrial melatonin and its association with Warburg metabolism<\/a> (PubMed, 2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Melatonin can reduce the abnormal energy metabolism in cancer cells by restoring pyruvate entry into the mitochondria, which lowers ROS levels and inhibits tumor growth, making it a potential treatment against cancer. This is a non-randomized preclinical study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7cd1eddc63d35b63ff6e5ab0b7c59577 wp-block-paragraph\">[3] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40401443\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Therapeutic Efficacy of Melatonin and Flutamide Combination in Safety for Prostate Cancer: An&nbsp;<em>In Vitro<\/em>&nbsp;Study<\/a> (PubMed, 2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Melatonin can improve the effect of flutamide in the treatment of prostate cancer by increasing the sensitivity of the cells and reducing the necessary dose, which can decrease side effects. This is a non-randomized preclinical study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74ca3a89aba6f27ea3ce0354525c22e1 wp-block-paragraph\">[4] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40285589\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Targeting Melatonin to Mitochondria Mitigates Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by Inducing Pyroptosis<\/a> (PubMed, 2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Mito-Mel, a mitochondria-targeted form of melatonin, can effectively inhibit castration-resistant prostate cancer by disrupting the cells&#8217; energy production, creating immune activation, and inducing pyroptosis, opening new possibilities for treatment of this aggressive cancer form. This is a non-randomized preclinical study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d3094e3e2255ed4ce58d5ad50761fbd2 wp-block-paragraph\">[5] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-1729\/14\/1\/88\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mitochondrial Melatonin: Beneficial Effects in Protecting against Heart Failure<\/a> (MDPI, 2024) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: This article focuses on melatonin&#8217;s effect inside the cells&#8217; power plants (mitochondria) and documents that melatonin experimentally reduces the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and can prevent heart pathologies. This is a non-randomized review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3a03d82b0d929525703bce275c19bcea wp-block-paragraph\">[6] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40107036\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Targeting anti-apoptotic mechanisms in tumour cells: Strategies for enhancing Cancer therapy<\/a> (PubMed, 2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Relevance<\/strong>: Cancer cells can avoid dying by producing anti-apoptotic proteins, contributing to treatment resistance. By targeting these proteins and using natural substances like curcumin and melatonin, one can improve cancer treatments, reduce dosages, and minimize side effects by promoting cell death processes. This is a non-randomized review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cf35d3676e6a133eeeccbf8553cc5009 wp-block-paragraph\">[7] Video: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_umgN-OFqzc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">High Dose Melatonin Therapy: An Ideal Adjuvant Anti-Cancer Therapy &#8211; Dr. Frank Shallenberger <\/a>(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@healthodyssey4354\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a>Health Odyssey, YouTube, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A presentation by Dr. Frank Shallenberger describing why high-dose melatonin is an ideal complementary treatment for cancer. The video explains the metabolic mechanisms by which melatonin acts against cancer cells and why doses of 60\u2013200 mg are necessary. This is a non-randomized clinical presentation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-adcc120df956628fd6e348cd413a1f4b wp-block-paragraph\">[8] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32726912\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin as a Radio-Sensitizer in Cancer<\/a> (PubMed, 2020)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: Melatonin can protect normal cells from the side effects of radiation therapy. In addition, it can also improve the treatment of tumor cells by increasing sensitivity to the radiation. This is a non-randomized review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14aa049d297bf82615d6c6b37b50110e wp-block-paragraph\">[9] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37055944\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Effect of melatonin cream on acute radiation dermatitis in patients with primary breast cancer: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial<\/a> (PubMed, 2023)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A clinical, randomized study that investigated the effect of melatonin cream against acute skin reactions and found a protective effect over time. This is a randomized clinical trial.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c32dfc07195a658a755fff4a9c936109 wp-block-paragraph\">[10] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/26\/9\/2506\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Current Knowledge and Future Challenges<\/a> (MDPI, 2021)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A review article going through how melatonin affects the immune system in the fight against cancer and can function as a supplement to conventional treatment. The article highlights its potential to both inhibit cancer cells directly and to strengthen the immune response. This is a non-randomized systematic review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-996ade90cd7b128d273089fd9ea9c0e3 wp-block-paragraph\">[11] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6694\/16\/4\/802\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Effect of Melatonin Supplementation on Cancer-Related Fatigue during Chemotherapy Treatment of Breast Cancer Patients: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Study<\/a> (MDPI, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: This review article from 2024 gathers the latest knowledge on melatonin as a supplement in cancer treatment. The article highlights a recent meta-analysis confirming that supplementation with melatonin is associated with improved tumor response and a significant increase in one-year survival for patients with solid tumors. This is a randomized clinical study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fd144efab8490361603291a26a38dd07 wp-block-paragraph\">[12] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Protection-of-melatonin-against-chemotherapy-drug-induced-damage-in-various-organs_fig2_341554889\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin<\/a> (Research Gate, 2020)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A collection of articles specifically highlighting melatonin&#8217;s potential to reduce a broad spectrum of side effects from chemotherapy, including damage to lungs, liver, kidneys, and nerve cells. The source also covers melatonin&#8217;s role in improving quality of life, strengthening the effect of other substances, and its direct action on cancer stem cells. This is a non-randomized data summary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80cbcd689cd07d7e2373d56e63d8f1ca wp-block-paragraph\">[13] <a href=\"https:\/\/mjmr.journals.ekb.eg\/article_306373_792deef89dbdd5aa49e5c23eed49b0d8.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Protective effect of melatonin on cisplatin induced liver<br>toxicity inalbino Rats; biochemical and histological Study<\/a> (Minia Journal of Medical Researc, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: An animal study showing that melatonin protects the liver from damage caused by platinum-based chemo. This is a non-randomized preclinical study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-63e0196b8bfbc3494083f4c20fe9e8b5 wp-block-paragraph\">[14] <a href=\"https:\/\/newsroom.heart.org\/news\/long-term-use-of-melatonin-supplements-to-support-sleep-may-have-negative-health-effects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Long-term use of melatonin supplements to support sleep may have negative health effects<\/a> (American Heart Association Newsroom, 2025) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: Preliminary data from the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2025 suggesting a statistical correlation between long-term use of melatonin (one year or more) and an increased risk of heart failure and mortality. This is a non-randomized observational study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-439e591afdf2ffc450bbabeb43a4eb0c wp-block-paragraph\">[15] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/endocrinology\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1184745\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Protective effects of exogenous melatonin therapy against oxidative stress to male reproductive tissue caused by anti-cancer chemical and radiation therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies<\/a> (Frontiers, 2023)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A review article of animal studies confirming melatonin&#8217;s protective effect against damage from chemo and radiation. This is a non-randomized systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-655a4f8b9d7717b0562dbc860ac60159 wp-block-paragraph\">[16] <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jpi.12782\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Safety of higher doses of melatonin in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis<\/a> (Willey, 2021)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A review article specifically confirming that it is safe to use high doses of melatonin. This is a non-randomized systematic review and meta-analysis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-563b6ea19f136b0c58a1ca890ba7333b wp-block-paragraph\">[17] <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11557022\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A review of the potential use of melatonin in cancer treatment: Data analysis from Clinicaltrials.gov<\/a> (PubMed, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: This systematic review of 46 clinical trials (including 42 interventional studies) from ClinicalTrials.gov highlights melatonin&#8217;s role as supportive treatment in cancer. The analysis confirms that high-dose melatonin (20\u2013100 mg) is safe and used in trials to improve quality of life and reduce side effects from chemotherapy. This is a non-randomized review of clinical trials.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0ce143026e7df30d928cd47e7b618cb3 wp-block-paragraph\">[18] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4923\/15\/6\/1616\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin Counteracting Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review <\/a>(MDPI, 2023)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A review article specifically focusing on how melatonin can counteract side effects from chemotherapy. This is a non-randomized systematic review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98b0c0813a2064da1ae13c311489234e wp-block-paragraph\">[19] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2589537021000432\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adjuvant melatonin for the prevention of recurrence and mortality following lung cancer resection (AMPLCaRe): A randomized placebo controlled clinical trial <\/a>(Science Direct, 2021)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A clinical trial showing that melatonin can improve survival and prevent recurrence in lung cancer patients. This is a randomized Phase II study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fe2ba56f0a058ddea6b4400bae9b0f73 wp-block-paragraph\">[20] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.interaktionsdatabasen.dk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Interaktioner (s\u00f8g p\u00e5 pr\u00e6parater)<\/a> (Interaktionsdatabasen, L\u00e6gemiddelstyrelsen, opdateres l\u00f8bende) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A database from the Danish Medicines Agency where one can check potential interactions between different drugs and supplements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8285e04b6dd78fdf9be30b4c0bff9f2c wp-block-paragraph\">[21]&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/391195512_Targeting_Melatonin_to_Mitochondria_Mitigates_Castration-Resistant_Prostate_Cancer_by_Inducing_Pyroptosis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Targeting Melatonin to Mitochondria Mitigates Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by Inducing Pyroptosis<\/a>&nbsp;(Research Gate, 2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: The combination of andrographolide and melatonin can inhibit colon cancer stem cells by reducing mitochondrial function and specifically downregulating MRPS6, leading to less cell growth and increased cell death. This is a non-randomized preclinical study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ba99d74c499bdf9d42526a3bc6beb4cb wp-block-paragraph\">[22] <a href=\"https:\/\/ar.iiarjournals.org\/content\/34\/12\/7327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin in Patients with Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial <\/a>(Anticancer Research, 2014)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A high-quality clinical study (randomized, double-blind) investigating the effect of melatonin in patients on chemotherapy. This is a randomized Phase II study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6dfb9f71fa0cd2a10d93b41b695c9325 wp-block-paragraph\">[23] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37789226\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Polymorphisms in genes of melatonin biosynthesis and signaling support the light-at-night hypothesis for breast cancer<\/a> (PubMed, 2023)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A study supporting the hypothesis that disrupted circadian rhythm and low melatonin synthesis are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, confirming melatonin&#8217;s protective role. This is a non-randomized study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0879bfd00fceb4fde30718e9d0933683 wp-block-paragraph\">[24] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33963691\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Intricate Relationship between Melatonin and Breast Cancer: A Short Review<\/a> (PubMed, 2021)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A short review article highlighting the complex connection between melatonin and the development of breast cancer at a cellular level. This is a non-randomized review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-da642dc5855e8e71d3371dd7b36b8432 wp-block-paragraph\">[25] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7621430\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin inhibition of MCF-7 human breast-cancer cells growth: influence of cell proliferation rate<\/a> (PubMed, 1995)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A study showing how melatonin can inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by affecting the cells&#8217; ability to divide. This is a non-randomized study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d53da77d5fb8207a89d682093305b2e9 wp-block-paragraph\">[26] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21573419\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin modulation of estrogen-receptor expression in mcf-7 human breastcancer cells<\/a> (PubMed, 1993)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A study focusing on how melatonin can modulate estrogen receptor expression in breast cancer cells, an important mechanism in hormone-sensitive cancers. This is a non-randomized study.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2299aaca6efb94e34597d955c14b6569 wp-block-paragraph\">[27] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28415828\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of cancer <\/a>(PubMed, 2017)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: An overall article on melatonin&#8217;s role in prevention and treatment of various cancers. This is a non-randomized article.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e0aaaded78fe995d0a0f16874d258111 wp-block-paragraph\">[28] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35409137\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Use of Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Where Are We?<\/a> (PubMed, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: An article providing an overview of current research status and clinical challenges in using melatonin in cancer treatment. This is a non-randomized article.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8da5d841c1d3a13b804f1528c093ea06 wp-block-paragraph\">[29] <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC4301735\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin and breast cancer: cellular mechanisms, clinical studies and future perspectives <\/a>(PubMed, NCBI, 2015)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: A comprehensive review of cellular mechanisms, clinical studies, and future perspectives for melatonin specifically in breast cancer. This is a non-randomized review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38435d446043eab09fdcf280fd6e8bf3 wp-block-paragraph\">[30] <a href=\"https:\/\/ugeskriftet.dk\/videnskab\/melatonins-indvirkning-pa-immunsystem-og-cancer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Melatonin og immunforsvaret<\/a> (Ugeskrift for L\u00e6ger, 2015)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: An article in Danish explaining melatonin&#8217;s role in the immune system, which is relevant for its anti-tumor effects. This is a non-randomized article.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14e66b66087c5c72b316df776bc3f04c wp-block-paragraph\">[31] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.primescholars.com\/articles\/five-yearsurvival-with-highdose-melatonin-and-other-antitumor-pineal-hormones-in-advanced-cancer-patients-eligible-for-t-108325.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Five Year-Survival with High-Dose Melatonin and Other Antitumor Pineal Hormones in Advanced Cancer Patients Eligible for the Only Palliative Therapy <\/a>(Research Journal of Onchology, 2018)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: This non-randomized Phase II study analyzes 5-year survival in cancer patients who received 100 mg of melatonin as one oral dose in the evening. The trial shows that a combined high dose before bedtime supports the immune system and inhibits tumor growth without disrupting the natural rhythm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d8d2d9fe05d6f305676269b51adcf2f0 wp-block-paragraph\">[32] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38668052\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Potential of Integrative Cancer Treatment Using Melatonin and the Challenge of Heterogeneity in Population-Based Studies: A Case Report of Colon Cancer and a Literature Review<\/a> (PubMed, 2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: This review of a single patient case (colon cancer) and recent literature examines the effect of 19 mg of melatonin daily. The article describes how the treatment helped dampen inflammation and nerve pain. This is a non-randomized case report\/review.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-custom-sort-tekst-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7426614a517060dd0d0c4b5411fdaea9 wp-block-paragraph\">[33] <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26893170\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous melatonin in healthy volunteers<\/a> (PubMed, PMC, 2016)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Content<\/strong>: This randomized crossover study documents a low oral absorption of approx. 3% and a short half-life of 45 minutes. The results explain why plasma levels fall quickly and why high dosage is necessary to achieve a measurable peak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Page created:<\/strong> July 1, 2024, Last revised March 29, 2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-custom-menu-links-color\">\u2764<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>What you read on Jeg har Kr\u00e6ft is not a recommendation. Seek competent guidance.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Indhold<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Treatments\" >Treatments<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Complementary_and_Alternative_Treatments\" >Complementary and Alternative Treatments<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Melatonin_and_cancer\" >Melatonin and cancer<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#What_is_melatonin\" >What is melatonin<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Effect_against_cancer\" >Effect against cancer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Dosage_and_application\" >Dosage and application<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Considerations_for_the_two_strategies\" >Considerations for the two strategies<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Melatonin_and_conventional_treatment\" >Melatonin and conventional treatment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Melatonin_vs_Circadin\" >Melatonin vs. Circadin<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Cardiovascular_safety\" >Cardiovascular safety<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/melatonin\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Treatments Complementary and Alternative Treatments Melatonin and cancer Summary of melatonin and cancer Melatonin&#8217;s anticancer potential: Important safety nuance: Recommendation: What is melatonin Melatonin is a hormone produced naturally in the body, primarily by the pineal gland. It is essential for the regulation of the body&#8217;s circadian rhythm (sleep-wake cycle). Melatonin is also a substance [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[393,375,374,389,396],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-repurposed-drugs","category-alternative-treatments","category-treatments","category-supplements","category-immunomodulatory-agents"],"modified_by":"Hanne Kj\u00e6r Uhlig","wpml_current_locale":"en_US","wpml_translations":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33136"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33136\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33828,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33136\/revisions\/33828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jegharkraeft.dk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}